Direct and Indirect Speech

consume and In invest SpeechDirect and In propose Speech survey StripEurekaPhonicaEurekaPhonicaEurekaDo you recognize that what has been verbalise derriere be tell in two ways count terminology and mediate actors line?Direct lecture agency the exact talking to that live with been spoken. Indirect spoken language means what is utter is stated in our witness run-in, so it differs somewhat from what was actually utter.When the public lecture changes from direct to indirect, the filter out, person and adverb may change.Indirect savoir-faire is introduceed in the form of an forceful objurgate. Four kinds of condemns be presented in direct speech assertive, interrogative, commands and requests and exclamatory.The coverage verbs also change, depending on the kind of sen ten dollar billce.Launch PadIn this chapter, we shall learnhow to interchange direct and indirect speech taking OffNote to T all(prenominal)erAs direct and indirect speech has already been taught prep argon fanfare cards with a sentence in direct speech on one side and the equivalent sentence in indirect speech on the other side. framework 1) Baiju express, I am sacking home. 2) Baiju say that he was going out.Divide the class into pairs and provide 2 flash cards to each group.Student A will read out the sentence in direct speech to assimilator B.Student B will change the speech.Student A will turn the card all over and check whether the sentence is correct. If it is correct, Student B will score one point. separately pair stand exchange their cards with other pairs and score more points.Tell them that we stinker state what has been verbalise in two ways direct speech and indirect speech.We can state what people hold up said in two ways.We can state the exact words that were spoken. This is known as direct speech Example Happy birth twenty-four hour period, Ronita said the children. Why do you wish to consult me? asked the lawyer. Give me an explanation mi ghtily now, demanded her father. I will down to set out tomorrow, said Marco Polo.OrWe can state what was said in our own words. This is known as indirect speech or report speech. ExampleThe children greeted Ronita on her birthday.The lawyer precious to know why I wished to consult him.Her father demanded an explanation right then.Marco Polo said that he would have to set out the contiguous day.Direct Speech Points to NoteThe exact words of the speaker are placed within double inverted commas. A comma is placed without delay before the quoted words.Depending on the kind of sentence the end mark is a full stop, a headspring mark or a mark of exclamation.The showtime word within quotation marks begins with a capital letter.Assertive Sentences bring the following sentencesRam said, I am reading this book.Ram said that he was reading that book.Changes take place in the person ( I changes to he), tense (am reading changes to was reading) and adverb (this changes to that) when the speech changes from direct to indirect.said to changes to told. ExampleHe said to his sister, You can grease ones palms the gift.He told his sister that she could buy the gift.If a universal truth is stated in direct speech, the tense does non change in describe speech. ExampleShe said, Honey is sweet.She said that honey is sweet.If the inform verb is in the present tense in indirect speech, the describe speech is also in the present tense. ExampleHe says, The old augury seems to be haunted.He says that the old house seems to be haunted.If the verb in direct speech is in the open old tense, the verb in reported speech also re mains in the frank past tense. ExampleShe said, I went home.She said that she went home.If the verb in direct speech is in the past tense and the time of execute is mentioned, the verb changes to past thoroughgoing(a) tense in reported speech. ExampleShe said, I went home at midnight.She said that she had gone home at midnight.Changes in adverb s are as followsDirect speechIndirect speechnowthenhere therethisthatthesethoseagobeforethussotodaythat dayyesterdaythe day before/ the previous daytomorrowthe next/ following daythis nightthat nightlast weekthe previous week/ the week beforeheretherenext weekthe following weekInfo field of studyWhen an assertive sentence changes from direct to indirect there are changes in the person, tense and adverb.The comma after said is replaced with that.said to changes to told.If a universal truth is stated in reported speech the tense does non changeIf the reporting verb is in the present tense, the tense in reported speech does non change.If the past tense is employ in the reported speech in direct speech, it will remain unaltered in indirect speech.If the past tense is used in reported speech in direct speech and the time of the action is mentioned, the simple past tense will change to past perfect tensePractice PulsarsI. Change from direct to indirect speech There is no need to leave tonight, she said to her friend.He said, The sun is flicker brightly.She said to her father, I know you are angry with me.The scientist said, They will conduct experiments in this laboratory.The princess said to the minister, We have to reach a decision tomorrow.The teacher said to the class, All of you are aware that the earth moves meter the sun.Every morning my father says, It is a mod day and I am thankful to be alive.Mother said , Today may be a very hot day .He said to me, I am reminding you that time and tide wait for none.The coach said, At this time, next week, the resultant of the match will be declared.II. Change from indirect to directThe captain told his men that they must non unde oddmentimate the enemy.Taruna said that she had no idea how the accident had taken place the previous til nowing.Usri told the children that all that glitters is non gold.Ginny said that long, long ago there was a continent called Atlantis.Raman said that the following day h e would sit down with them and make a plan.The milkman told the lady that the milk was watery as the cow had rum a lot of water that morning.She says that fifteen minutes of meditation every morning keeps her calm for the rest of the day.Mrs Das told her neighbour that she had gone to Kolkata two stratums before.Vinita said that those photographs were more precious than gold to her. sexagenarian Mrs Vincent was of the opinion that a house was better than a flat.Interrogative sentencesWhen top dogs are changed to reported speech, the word govern becomes the same as that of an assertive sentence. ExampleKaran said, When will the match begin?Karan asked when the match would begin.The reporting verb in reported speech is asked, inquired or inquired of, wanted to know etc. ExampleSavita said, Where is Peter?Savita asked where Peter was. or Savita inquired where Peter was.Damien said to Rahul, Are you absolutely sure?Damien wanted to know if Rahul was absolutely sure. or Damien inq uired of Rahul if he was absolutely sure. brand tip 1. said changes to asked or inquired. said to changes to asked or inquired of. 2. enquired/ enquired of may be used instead of inquired/inquired of.If the question can be answered with yes or no, if or whether follows the reporting verb. ExampleRama said, Can I use that pen?Rama asked if she could use that pen.If the question cannot be answered with yes or no, the reporting verb is followed by question words like when, what, which, where and how. ExampleRama said, When did this happen?Rama asked when it happened.There are changes in the person, tense and adverbs just like in the assertive sentences.Info OrbitWhen questions are changed to reported speech, the word disposition becomes the same as that of an assertive sentence.The reporting verb in reported speech is asked, inquired or inquired of, wanted to know etc.If the question can be answered with yes or no, if or whether follows the reporting verb.If the question cannot be a nswered with yes or no, the reporting verb is followed by question words like when, what, which, where and how.Practice PulsarIII. Change the speechDamini said, Can you explain the sum now?Rajiv asked Poonam, What are these stacks of paper for? Have you enjoyed yourselves today? said the instructor.Minu inquired, Tom, why are you packing your bag? The children said, pull up stakes you take us to the zoo next week?He said, How more further do we have to travel?She asked whether they were ready to go for a strait that evening.Shyam asked me why I was laughing so much. posterior wanted to know who lived in the old house on the hill.The headman asked if anyone had worked for that company a year back.The detective enquired of the witness if he had seen the man in the photograph.Akhilesh wished to know how many of his classmates would go for a picnic.Commands and RequestsRead the given sentences1.She said, transport tie your seat belt.She requested me to tie my seatbelt.2. She said, Buy the necessities before the sun sets.She coherent him to buy the necessities before the sun set.3. She said, Let us organise a party.She suggested that they should organise a party.The reporting verb is requested, told, asked, suggested etc.The main verb in direct speech changes to an infinitive in indirect speech. tie in sentence 1 changes to to tie, and buy in sentence 2 changes to to buy.Even when the person who is being addressed is not mentioned in direct speech, we have to mention the person in indirect speech. Example He said, Please sit down.He requested her to sit down.When the direct speech begins with let, the reporting verb changes to suggested and the main verb is preceded by should in reported speech. In sentence 3 organise changes to should organise.Info OrbitThe reporting verb is requested, told, asked, suggested etc.The main verb in direct speech changes to an infinitive in indirect speech.Even when the person who is being addressed is not mentioned in d irect speech, we have to mention the person in indirect speech.When the direct speech begins with let, the reporting verb changes to suggested and the main verb is preceded by should in reported speech.Practice PulsarIV. Change the speech Keep the vase on the table, Sima, she said. withdraw sure that you have enough water, the guide said. Please do not make so much noise, said the official to the visitors. Let us clean the compound, said the monitor. Switch off the fans and lights before you leave, he said. Kindly contribute generously, said the child at the door.She ordered the children to cross the road cautiously.They requested us to wait for a few hours before lodging a complaint.The man told us to take a right turn to reach the bakery.We suggested to the old people that they should visit the orphanage once a week.The military officer ordered the men to take up their positions.He requested her to take off her shoes removed the temple.Exclamations and Exclamatory SentencesRe ad the given sentencesHe said, Alas I have lost everything.He exclaimed in sorrow that he had lost everything.The reporting verb said in direct speech changes to exclaimed in reported speech.The sense that is expressed by the exclamation in direct speech is stated in reported speech. So Alas is replaced by exclaimed in sorrow.She said, How hot the day isShe exclaimed that the day was very hot.When an exclamatory sentence in direct speech begins with How or What, it is usually replaced with very in reported speech.Info OrbitThe reporting verb said in direct speech changes to exclaimed in reported speech.The emotion that is expressed by the exclamation in direct speech is stated in reported speech.Practice PulsarV. Change the speechHe said, Hurrah I have won the lottery.She said, What a pretty little girl you areThe lady said, What a fool I have beenHe said, Oh This is the best car I have seen. He said, O God Forgive me for what I have do.The teacher congratulated him, saying that he had done very well.Wendy exclaimed that the bed was very comfortable.Madan exclaimed in joy that he was free at last.The jackal exclaimed that the genus Corvus had a very sweet voice.Ms Parekh exclaimed in grief that her brother was responsible for his own downfall.Ellen exclaimed that the stomach was very chilly.Brendan exclaimed that it was a great pity that they had missed the show.Word ZoomerReported Speech Indirect speech is also known as reported speech. When direct speech changes to reported speech usually the first and second person change to the third person, the present tense changes to the past tense and the adverbs showing approximation in time and position are replaced by adverbs that show distance in time and position.Direct Speech The words that are actually said. These are placed within quotation marks.Reporting verb The verb that introduces direct speech or reported speech. For e.g. said, exclaimed, asked, whispered, requested and commanded.Touch Down When assertive sentences in direct speech are changed to indirect speechthere are changes in the person, tense and adverb.the comma after said is replaced with that.said to changes to told.if a universal truth is stated in reported speech the tense does not changeif the reporting verb is in the present tense, the tense in reported speech does not change.if the past tense is used in the reported speech in direct speech, it will remain unchanged in indirect speech.if the past tense is used in reported speech in direct speech and the time of the action is mentioned, the simple past tense will change to past perfect tenseWhen interrogative sentences in direct speech are changed to indirect speechthe word order becomes the same as that of an assertive sentence.the reporting verb in reported speech is asked, inquired or inquired of, wanted to know etc.if the question can be answered with yes or no, if or whether follows the reporting verb.if the question cannot be answered with yes or no, the reporting verb is followed by question words like when, what, which, where and how.When requests and commands in direct speech are changed to indirect speechthe reporting verb is requested, told, asked, suggested etc.the main verb in direct speech changes to an infinitive in indirect speech.even when the person who is being addressed is not mentioned in direct speech, we have to mention the person in indirect speech.when the direct speech begins with let, the reporting verb changes to suggested and the main verb is preceded by should in reported speech.When exclamations and exclamatory sentences are changed to indirect speechthe reporting verb said in direct speech changes to exclaimed in reported speech.the emotion that is expressed by the exclamation in direct speech is stated in reported speech. Flash tip The shortest letters are said to have been exchanged between Victor Hugo and his publisher. When Les Miserables was released Victor Hugo wanted to know if it was well-rece ived or not, so he sent a letter to his publisher with only ? write on it. The publishers response also consisted of a single punctuation mark Star ExerciseI. Each of the following sentences contains an error. Correct the sentences.Rani said to Praveen that she would go over to his house that day.Brinda said that it was almost ten o clock now.She asked that if the bakers boy had delivered the bread.Sandeep said that the earth was round.Mohan said, Sandeep you are absolutely right.Deepa said, How cute the puppies look.Anand said You can leave the room now. Do not look so sad, said my friend.II. Read the dialogue given below and fill in the blanksAkramNibhaAkramNibhaAkramNibhaWhy are you looking so worried?My father has been transferred to a new place.Dont you want to go with him?I do, but I shall miss all my friends.What a prospering girl you are You will be seeing a new place and making new friends.I am feeling much better. Thank you.Akram asked Nibha (1) .. Nibha replied tha t her father (2)..Akram then inquired if (3) . with him. Nibha said that she did, but (4) Akram exclaimed that (5) . because she would be seeing (6) Nibha thanked him because (7) ..Comet ExerciseChoose the correct alternativeShalini and Malini were twins. One day, while taking a walk Shalini said, I dont think (1. we have taken the right path / we had taking the right path/ we had taken the right path).Malini looked around and found nothing vituperate. Why had Shalini made such a comment? She felt up that her sister (2. has made a mistake /had made a mistake /is making a mistake.)Shalini pointed to a tree. (3.What do you have to say close to it? / What did she have to say about it?/ What did you have to say about it? ) Malini (4.asked/exclaimed/ told) that it was (5. a very huge tree/ very huge trees/ a huge tree).Shalini sighed, You lack manifestation powers. We walk here every day. Have you seen it before?Malini answered, No, I have not. ( 6.I think we took a wrong turnin g / I am thinking we took a wrong turning/ I have position we took a wrong turning) near the bazaar.Shalini (7.asked/ requested/ exclaimed) an old man (8. if he can help them / if he could help them / whether he could helps them).The old man guided them back and (9. advised/ commanded/ requested) them to be careful in future.Shalini and Malini assured him that (10. yes/ they would be more careful/ they will be more careful).